Intra-occupational psychosocial risks in teachers of a public university in Tabasco

Abstract

Introduction. The full-time university teacher assumes new functions as a researcher, tutor, manager, in addition to teaching undergraduate and graduate, based on competencies, faces changes in pedagogical, technological and methodological approaches. The transformations that are taking place affect personal relationships and salary conditions, supported by continuous evaluations, which influence the working conditions, psychological well-being and physical health of teachers in the health area. Objective. To determine intra-labor psychosocial risk factors in Higher Education Health Sciences teachers. Method. Quantitative approach, non-experimental, observational design, descriptive, cross-sectional type of study, sample made up of 42 teachers from the Academic Division of Health Sciences of a public university in Tabasco, Mexico. The intra-occupational psychosocial risk factors instrument was used. Results. The intra-occupational domains and dimensions most affected with very high psychosocial risk were: control over work, 57.1% (n=24), the participation dimension and change management 42.9% (n=18). Leadership and social relations a work 45.2% (n=19), leadership characteristics 38.1% (n=16). Reward 38.1% (n=16), recognition and compensation 40.5% (n=17) and Work demands 28.6% (n=12), environmental demands and physical effort 50.0% (n=21). Conclusion. University teachers in the health area present high psychosocial risk due to intra-occupational factors, leadership and social relations in institutional work, which affects decision-making, related to the norms of academic activities, the amount and pace of work, coupled with the lack of intervention in processes of changes in the institution that affect mental health and job performance. Future interventions are necessary to reduce psychosocial risk factors such as stress, improve the work environment and the quality of life of teachers.

Key Words: Risk Factors, Psychosocial, Intra-work, Teachers.